He aha ka Bearing?

No ka bea ka hua'ōlelo bearing, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kākoʻo a amo paha.

Ke hoʻoikaika ʻia ka ʻaoʻao ma waena o ʻelua ʻāpana a inā kākoʻo kekahi ʻāpana i kekahi, ʻike ʻia ka ʻaoʻao kākoʻo he bearing.

No laila, ʻo ka bearing kahi ʻāpana mīkini o kahi ʻāpana mīkini e kākoʻo ana i kahi ʻāpana mechanical ʻē aʻe a i ʻole ʻāpana e pili ana me ia.

He laina laina a rotary paha ka neʻe pili.

E like me ke ʻano o ke poʻo ʻenekini a me nā alakaʻi, hana nā alakaʻi e like me nā bearings a ʻo ka neʻe pili ʻana he laina laina. Pēlā nō, hiki ke mālama ʻia nā ala o nā mīkini wili a me nā mīkini planar e like me nā bearings.

E like me na wiliwili o ka lathe, wili a me na mikini hooluu, axles o na kaa, crankshafts, etc.

Pono no nā Bearings.

Ma kahi kokoke i nā ʻano mīkini a pau, pono e hoʻouna ʻia ka neʻe a i ʻole ka mana ma o nā ʻāpana wili, ʻo ia hoʻi e paʻa ʻia e nā bearings.

These bearings allow the free and smooth rotation of shafts with minimum friction. The loss of power or motion can be minimized with suitable lubrication of bearing surfaces.

ʻO ka pono a i ʻole ka pono o nā bearings no nā kumu ʻelua.

1. No ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke kākoʻo i nā lāʻau wili.

2. No ka ʻae ʻana i ka hoʻololi manuahi a maʻalahi o nā kumu.

3. E amo i ka hookui a me na ukana radial.

Nā ʻano o ka lawe ʻana.

ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā bearings i ʻelua ʻano penei:

1. ʻO nā bearings pili ʻana a me ka;

2. ʻO nā bearings pili kaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​pahu anti-friction.

1. Hoʻoheheʻe Hoʻopili Bearings;

Sliding contact bearings and shafts have relative motion due to their sliding with respect to each other. In general, all the bearings which don’t use rollers and balls can be termed as sliding contact bearings.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Sliding Contacts Bearings i nā ʻano like.

i. Laina pololei a alakai paha;

Inā like ke kuhikuhi o ka neʻe pili a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā ʻili, ʻike ʻia ka ʻaoʻao ʻo ka laina pololei a i ʻole alakaʻi alakaʻi e laʻa, nā alakaʻi ma nā poʻo keʻa ʻenekini, nā ala o nā mīkini wili a me nā milo o nā mīkini wili a me nā mīkini ʻoluʻolu.

ii. ʻO Radial a i ʻole ka puke moʻolelo;

Inā he rotary ka neʻe pili ma waena o ka lāʻau a me ke kau ʻana a inā pili ka ukana i ke koʻi o ke kumu a i ʻole ma ka radius o ka lāʻau, ua ʻike ʻia ka bearing he journal bearing a radial bearing.

ʻO ka ʻāpana o ke kumu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka bearing i ʻike ʻia he puke pai.

iii. Hāpai ʻia;

Inā like ka ukana ma luna o ke kuʻi me ke koʻi o ka lāʻau, ua ʻike ʻia ka bearing ma ke ʻano he pahu pahu.

iv. Ka wāwae wāwae a i ʻole ka Pivot Bearing;

Ma ke kuʻi ʻana, inā e pau ka hopena o ke kumu ma ka hoʻomaha ʻana ma luna o ka ʻili o ke kuʻekuʻe, ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka wāwae wāwae a i ʻole ka pivot bearing.

v. Hāpai Kola;

Ma ke kuʻi ʻana, inā e hoʻolōʻihi ʻia nā wēlau o ka lāʻau ma waho a ma o ka ʻili o ke alo, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ke kolar bearing. ʻO ke koʻi o ka lāʻau e noho paʻa.

vi. Kūleʻa Puhi;

Hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano maʻalahi o ka bearing bushed ma ##Fig. 1.8 lalo. Aia i loko o ke kino hao hao a me ka nahele i hana ʻia me ke keleawe a i ʻole ka pū.

He kumu huinahā ko ke kino. Hana ʻia ke kumu i awāwa e hōʻemi i ka ʻāpana ʻili o ka mīkini. Hāʻawi ʻia ʻelua puka elliptical ma ke kumu no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka bearing.

Hāʻawi ʻia kahi lua aila ma luna o ke kino e holo ana ma ka nahele. No laila, hiki ke hana i ka lubrication no ka lāʻau a me ka nahele ma ka lua aila.

Ua like ke anawaena o loko o ka nahele me ke anawaena o ke kumu. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka lāʻau e kahi wīwī grub i pale ʻia kona hoʻololi ʻana a i ʻole ka paheʻe ʻana me ka shaft.

Inā pau ka lāʻau, hoʻololi ʻia e kahi mea hou. Hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia ke kumu i loko o ka bearing end-wise. ʻO kēia kekahi o nā hemahema o kēia bearing.

Loaʻa ka hoʻohana ʻana o Bushed bearing i nā haʻawe māmā a me nā māmā haʻahaʻa.

vii. Pedestal Bearing;

Ua ʻike nui ʻia ʻo Plummer block i ka piʻi wāwae. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu mahele a mahele paha.

Loaʻa iā ia kahi poloka hao i kapa ʻia ʻo pedestal, kahi pāpale hao hao, nā keleawe pū i loko o ʻelua ʻāpana, ʻelua mau poʻo poʻo huinaha kila māmā a me ʻelua pūʻulu o nā nati laka hexagonal e like me ka hōʻike ʻana ma ka ##Fig. 1.9 ma lalo.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka bearing he ʻano māhele; hanaia i elua hapa.

Ua kapa ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o luna i ka pāpale, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke kino nui i kapa ʻia ʻo pedestal ma o nā bolts poʻo ʻehā a me nā nati hexagonal.

ʻO kēia māhele ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka hali e hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻalahi i ka waiho ʻana a me ka wehe ʻana i ke kumu a me nā ʻāpana o ka nahele.

Ua ʻike ʻia nā lāʻau ʻāpana he keleawe a i ʻole nā ​​ʻanuʻu.

Hāʻawi ʻia kahi snug i loko o kahi lāʻau haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i kūpono i loko o ka lua i hāʻawi ʻia i loko o ke kino.

No laila ua pale ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka lāʻau me ka lāʻau, a pale ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o ke axial e nā flanges collar ma nā wēlau.

He keleawe, keleawe, metala keʻokeʻo, etc.

Noho ka lāʻau ma luna o ka lāʻau maʻi lalo. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka lāʻau ʻoki luna ma luna o ke kumu, a ma hope, ua paʻa ka pāpale.

Ua waiho ʻia kahi ʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi ma waena o ka pāpale a me ke kino e kōkua i ka wā e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ai ka pāpale ma muli o ka hoʻopakele ʻana i ka nahele me nā linings hou.

ʻIke ʻia kēia bearing i kona hoʻohana ʻana i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole o ka ukana.

viii. Hali wāwae wāwae a i ʻole Pivot bearing.

Ma ka wāwae wāwae a i ʻole ka pivot bearing, hana like ke kaomi me ke koʻi o ke kumu a kau ʻia ka lāʻau i ke kuʻi ma kona ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi.

Loaʻa iā ia he poloka pōʻai poʻo a i ʻole kino me kahi kumu ʻāʻī a me kahi lāʻau pū, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka ##Fig. 1.10 ma lalo.

Loaʻa i ka poloka ka hopena hāmama kahi i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ke kumu. Kau pololei ka lāʻau ma luna o kahi diski kila me ka hoʻopuehu concave.

Kāohi ʻia ka disc mai ka hoʻololi ʻana me ke kumu ma ke ʻano o kahi pine i hoʻokomo ʻia ka hapalua i loko o ka disc a me ke kino.

Kāohi ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka lāʻau me ke kumu ma ke ʻano o ka snug i hāʻawi ʻia ma kona ʻāʻī ma lalo pono o ke kola.

Loaʻa kēia mau bearings i nā noi i ka mīkini o nā textiles, pepa, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, i hoʻohana ʻia no nā ukana māmā a me nā wikiwiki haʻahaʻa.

I ka lawe ʻana i nā kapuaʻi, paʻakikī ka lubrication no ka mea e hoʻolei ʻia ka ʻaila i waho mai ke kikowaena e ka ikaika centrifugal.

2. Nā Bearings Hoʻopili ʻO Rolling a i ʻole Anti-friction Bearings.

I ka ʻōwili ʻana i nā bearings pili, ʻo ka neʻe pili ʻana ma waena o ke kumu a me ka bearings ke kumu ma muli o ka ʻōwili ʻana o nā pōpō a me nā wili i hoʻohana ʻia i nā bearings.

No laila, ua kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he rolling contact bearings a i ʻole ball a roller bearings.

ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kuʻekuʻe ʻana ma mua o ka paheʻe ʻana i nā bearings pili, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka abrasion o nā mīkini e koi pinepine ai e hoʻomaka a kū ma lalo o ka ukana.

No laila, ua kapa ʻia kēia mau bearings he anti-friction bearings.

Aia ʻelua ʻano o nā bearings anti-friction, a ʻo lākou;

1. ʻO nā kinipōpō a me;

2. ʻO ka huila.

i. Huina poepoe;

Hoʻohana ʻia nā pōpō pōʻai i nā bearings.

Aia ʻelua ʻano o nā ʻano kinipōpō;

(i) Uku kinipopo Radial a me (ii) Hoʻokuʻu ʻia i nā bearings kinipōpō.

Piʻi kinipopo Radial hoʻohana ʻia no ka lawe ʻana i nā haʻahaʻa radial a i ʻole nā ​​ukana e kū pono ana i ke koʻi o nā kumu, ʻoiai ke hoʻohana ʻia nei nā pahu pahu no nā haʻalulu, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā ukana e hana like ana me ke axis o ke kumu.

Hoʻokuʻu ʻia i nā bearings kinipōpō hoʻohana ʻia no ka lawe ʻana i nā haʻahaʻa hoʻopaʻa ma nā kumu.

He poepoe kila paakiki lakou i hoonohoia mawaena o na heihei elua. He mau apo kila paakiki na heihei. Hoʻololi kekahi lāhui me ke kumu, a paʻa kekahi i loko o ka hale bearing.

Mālama ʻia nā pōpō i ke kūlana ma o nā hīnaʻi. ʻO nā hīnaʻi nā mea hoʻokaʻawale o nā kinipōpō i hana ʻia me ke keleawe paʻi ʻia.

Hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ke kuʻi maʻalahi ma ##Fig. 1.11 ma lalo. Hoʻohana ʻia nā bearings pōpō pana a hiki i ka wikiwiki o 2000 rpm.

No ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻouka ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia nā bearings ball contact angular. Ma lalo o ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā pōpō i waho o nā heihei ma muli o ka ikaika centrifugal i hoʻomohala ʻia i loko o nā bearings thrust.

ii. Huina Roller;

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā huila wili e like me ka radial roller bearings a me ka thrust roller bearings. Lawe ʻia nā bearings radial a me thrust roller bearings i kēlā me kēia.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau bearings ʻelua ma ke kumu o nā ʻano wili i hoʻohana ʻia, e like me nā bearings rol cylindrical, nā bearings needle roller, a me nā bearings roll tapered.

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā bearings, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o nā huila wili akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ukana. No nā noi haʻahaʻa māmā, hoʻohana ʻia nā bearings pōpō nona ka mālama ʻana i ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka nui o nā bearings roller.

Eia naʻe, inā he kaumaha ka ukana a hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia nā bearings, hoʻohana wale ʻia nā bearings.

Nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pōʻino o ka pōleʻa a me nā huila;

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā bearings sliding contact bearings, loaʻa nā mea maikaʻi a me nā pōʻino ʻole.

Nā pono.

1. He haʻahaʻa ka hoʻomaka ʻana a me ka holo ʻana.

2. He maʻalahi ka hoʻololi.

3. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā ukana radial a axial.

4. He maʻalahi ka lubrication.

5. He haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai mālama.

Nā pōʻino.

1. Ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe.

2. Paʻakikī ke ʻike i ka hiki ʻana mai o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka bearing.

3. Pono ka mīkini hana kiʻekiʻe no ka hale bearing.